Arts & literature · Autograph & handwriting
Niccolò Machiavelli signature
Small connected cursive forms run through two historical name groups.
What does Niccolò Machiavelli’s signature look like?
Small connected cursive forms run through two historical name groups. A looped upper opening interrupts the left, while long descending returns appear near the end of each group.
- Slant
- +12°forward
- Baseline
- +1.2°near level
- Width / height
- 3.79 : 1overall proportions
- Opening height
- 0.85×opening versus body letters
Fine historical cursive with long descending returns
Small connected cursive forms run through two historical name groups. A looped upper opening interrupts the left, while long descending returns appear near the end of each group. Compare those isolated deep strokes with the relatively shallow middle letters: the name is stretched horizontally, with much of its lower depth concentrated toward the later writing.
Niccolò Machiavelli signature analysis
Niccolò Machiavelli’s signature sample has 12° of forward slant, a near-level baseline and 5 enclosed loops. Use the layers to follow the writing line, letter band, slant and enclosed loops.
- Slantforward
- +12°
- Baselinenear level
- +1.2°
- Width / heightoverall proportions
- 3.79 : 1
- Opening heightopening versus body letters
- 0.85×
- Enclosed loopsclosed spaces in the image
- 5
- Ink groupsmain disconnected groups
- 9
- Ink densityinside the signature bounds
- 9.4%
- Underlineno long lower flourish
- None
- Finish heightrelative to the letter body
- −0.01×
Opening, letter body and finish
The opening is lower than the typical letter body. The opening-to-body ratio is 0.85×, while the whole image is 3.79 times as wide as it is tall. The rightmost ink finishes below the writing line; look at this ending separately from the slant of the letters themselves.
Loops and the lower flourish
The sample contains 5 enclosed loops and 9 main ink groups. The letterforms carry the main horizontal movement; there is no long lower underline detected beneath their band.
Niccolò Machiavelli’s signature in graphology
Traditional graphology associates long returning strokes with expressive presentation. The fine connected body provides an economical rhythm, punctuated by larger loops rather than an enclosing underline beneath the whole name.
Follow the forward-leaning strokes in this image alongside the smaller body letters. For another perspective on your own writing, the handwriting analysis tool brings slant, size and spacing into a full-page reading.
Signatures with similar shapes
Compare these samples’ slant, proportions and letter rhythm with Niccolò Machiavelli’s autograph.
